Active/productive
skills: speaking and writing
Passive
/receptive skills: listening and reading
Graphic-motor
skills: reading and writing
Basic language skills and
their sub skills
1. listening
skill: means receiving sounds produced by the speaker-decoding sounds
o comprehension ( identifying the topic
)
o word recognition
o ability to respond intonation
o ability to understand ellipsis
o ability to distinguish between more
important and less important
o ability to concentrate
- speaking skill: means using
sounds and forming meaningful chunks of sounds for transmitting message
o correct pronunciation of the words
o correct expression of ideas and
feelings
o delivery of sentences with correct
intonation and tones
o fluency of speech
o stressing the required syllables in
words and sentences
o using undertone in speech
o planning if the speech
- reading skill: decoding
written text in meaningful and correct utterances
o reading with required speed
o correct pronunciation of the words
o understanding
o identification of the topics,
important ideas and sentences
o sentence delivery with correct tone
and intonation
o a sense of pauses
- writing skill: means encoding
message in the graphic form (text) on paper sheet
o writing grammatically correct English
o writing effectively ( presentation
skill )
o explanation of ideas or points
o writing with correct expression
o synthesizing the ideas
o coherence in writing
Techniques of
developing listening skill
1.
Presenting short stories, events, narration, passages
etc.
2.
pronunciation drills and exercises
3.
language games
4.
informal talks, debate
5.
action songs, rhymes, instructions, commands
6.
role play
7.
dialogues, drama
8.
using audio visual aids such as radio,
gramophone, linguaphone, tv , filmsCDs etc
Techniques of developing
speaking skill
1.
speech on any topic
2.
describing pictures, objects events
3.
narrate public places
4.
reporting what they experienced or witnessed
5.
telling about tours, excursion, picnic and
places
6.
elocution competition, discussion, dialogue,
recitation
Techniques of
developing reading skill
Types
of reading: loud reading and
silent reading
Extensive
reading and intensive reading
Methods of
teaching reading
1.
the ABC of alphabetic method: alphabets
taught first-split words into letters
2.
the phonic method: phoneme-minimal sounds
taught first
3.
the syllabic method: syllable are taught-v,
cv, ccv etc
4.
the word method: reading words at single look
with ease
5.
the phrase method: noun phrases and verb
phrases taught
6.
the sentence method: sentences are taught
7.
The story method: teacher write story on
board or flash card students to read, may read from books
Techniques
of developing reading skill
1.
Providing opportunities to read textual
material, words, sentences, paragraphs keeping in view the sounds, punctuation
marks, stress, intonation, articulation etc.
2.
Suggesting unseen passages
3.
Using flash cards
4.
Using black board
5.
Drilling
6.
Practice of silent and loud reading
Techniques of
developing writing skill
1.
systematic practice of writing in copy book,
provide printed cards, materials
2.
introducing curves, shapes using printed
cards and copy books
3.
writing practice in groups and individually
4.
transcription and dictation exercises
5.
providing specimen of writing showing proper
size, spacing, distinctiveness, writing in strait lines
6.
composition writing, letters, essays, story,
report, application
7.
using substitution tables
8.
read and write and speak and write
9.
join sentences, complete sentences exercises
